A recent study explored the importance of incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) into oncology nursing education, including how increased integration of “digital literacy” can enhance clinical practices and improve the quality of patient care.

A team of researchers from Croatia conducted the study and published their findings in Seminars in Oncology Nursing.

The investigators highlighted that the goal of the research was to “synthesize current educational approaches to AI literacy in oncology nursing, identify competency domains along with barriers and enablers, and offer clinically oriented recommendations for the safe and effective integration of AI into clinical practice.

Two independent reviewers selected studies performed from 2015 to 2025 to inform the research based on a “structured search” of the MEDLINE database. The search was conducted “using MeSH and free-text terms, complemented with free sources (Google Scholar, OpenAlex/Lens), handsearching of key journals, and backward/forward citation chasing.

According to the findings, “effective use of AI requires a grasp of basic ML (machine learning) principles, data interpretation, and ethics,” underscoring that “digital and AI literacy are fundamental for oncology nurses.

The investigators outlined several educational strategies to enhance the incorporation of AI use into routine oncology nursing practice, including “integration into formal curricula and innovative formats, such as microlearning, simulations, and virtual reality.”

In contrast, the researchers also highlighted “key barriers” to the incorporation of AI into clinical practice and oncology nursing education, such as “uneven digital skills, resistance to technology, and lack of structured programs.” In addition, they explained that successful implementation of AI education in the field “is further supported by multidisciplinary collaboration and patient involvement,” emphasizing that “evidence suggests that AI enhances clinical decision-making, personalized care, safety, and nurse autonomy.

In reflecting on the implications for nursing practice, the investigators recommended that “AI should be regarded solely as a tool that supports nurses’ work, not as a replacement” and that “interdisciplinary and patient-centered approaches support the safe integration of AI into daily oncology nursing practice.”

“Incorporating AI competencies into nursing education is crucial for improving safety and quality in oncology care,” they concluded. “Educational reforms should foster critical thinking, ensure ongoing evaluation, and preserve empathy towards patients.”

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